如何不失去你的经济援助
Financial aid programs have requirements that you need to meet in order to keep the aid. 如果你不能满足所有的要求, even if you aren't aware of it, your aid money can be taken away. Don't let this happen. 如果你不确定自己的立场， contact us and we will help.
- Keep your grades up.
- 检查你的奖学金的续期标准.
- 为毕业制定一个学习计划. Talk with your advisor.
- 在你上学的早期和职业服务中心谈谈. 你的职业服务顾问可以帮助你制定职业规划.
- Complete your courses. Routinely withdrawing from courses will hurt your ability to keep your aid. If you have to withdraw from a course because of a family emergency or major life event, 在你停止上课之前联系你的指导老师.
- 如果你有困难，让你的指导老师知道. 你的顾问可以帮助你找到导师和其他可以帮助你的人.
- 注意你的借贷和支出. 联系你的财务援助顾问以获得资源帮助.
- 如果你想改变你的程序, 和你的导师谈谈这可能会如何影响你的经济援助.
注意:联邦政府有一个很好的在线 glossary 以及各种术语和问题的帮助部分. 下面列出的项目是你在完成经济援助时将会读到/听到的主要条款.
A
Academic year- A period of no less than 30 weeks of instructional time, normally two semesters.
Accrual date-利息费用开始计入贷款余额的日期.
Accruing interest-在贷款金额上增加利息. For some loans, 贷款一发放，利息费用就开始增加了, increasing the total amount due.
Adjusted Gross Income- (AGI是一个美国税收术语，用于计算个人所得税义务的金额.
Assets- For financial aid purposes, assets are generally considered to include cash on hand in checking and savings accounts, trusts, stocks, bonds, home equity, other securities (real estate, income-producing property, 商业设备和商业库存). These assets are considered in determining expected family contribution (EFC).
Award Letter- A letter notifying financial aid applicants of the assistance being offered. The award letter provides information on the types of and amounts of aid offered, 以及具体的节目信息, student responsibilities, 以及决定奖项的条件.
B
Borrower- The person who assumes legal obligations of the repayment of the loan principal plus interest. 在联邦直接贷款的情况下，借款人是学生. 在PLUS贷款的情况下，借款人是父母.
C
Capitalization-贷款人在借款人开始还款前就开始计息, 然后把这部分加到本金上. 这有时被称为“复利”." Capitalizing increases the total to be repaid and the size of the minimum monthly payment. 学生可以通过支付利息来避免资本化.
D
Default-借款人未能按照本票签署时商定的条款偿还. Default can also occur when a borrower fails to submit requests for deferment or cancellation. 当借款人拖欠联邦学生贷款时, the school, 持有贷款的机构, the guaranty agency, 联邦政府都可以采取行动收回这笔钱. 当借款人逾期180天或以上且没有令人满意的付款安排时，借款人被视为“违约”, 已经作出了推迟或容忍. Assets, 包括美国国税局(IRS)退款, may be seized and the borrower's credit record or history can be affected. Student loan borrowers in default will remain so until they pay back their loan in full, 签订新的贷款协议或重新安排债务. While in default, they are ineligible for additional federal student aid, including grants and loans.
Deferment-学生贷款借款人可以推迟支付本金或本金加利息的授权期限. Borrowers must file deferment forms with their lenders and be approved for deferments.
Demonstrated Need-上大学的费用和学生(以及学生父母)支付这笔费用的能力之间的差额:学生的上大学费用预算减去家庭贡献等于实际需要
Direct Loans- William D. 福特联邦直接贷款计划为学生和家长提供低息贷款，帮助支付学生的高等教育费用. 贷款人是美国教育部, 而不是银行或其他金融机构.
E
EFC- Expected Family Contribution. 联邦政府确定的学生/家长对教育费用的贡献金额.
Eligible Non-citizen-非美国公民的学生, 但持有有效的外国人登记卡I-551(绿卡)或有效的I-94(有效指定的入境离境记录).
F
FAFSA Submission Summary (FSS)- An electronic or paper document that summarizes the information you reported on your FAFSA form. It includes your estimated eligibility for a Federal Pell Grant and federal student loans, your Student Aid Index (SAI), 以及你是否被选中进行验证. The FAFSA Submission Summary replaces the Student Aid Report for the 2024–25 award year.
联邦家庭教育贷款计划 (FFELP)- Education loans provided by private lenders and guaranteed by the federal government. 包括有补贴和无补贴的斯塔福德贷款和PLUS.
Federal Methodology (FM)- The formulas used to determine a student's eligibility for federal Title IV funds. The formulas take into account income, assets, expenses, family size and other factors.
Federal Pell Grant- Pell grants are available to students who have demonstrated significant financial need, 由免费申请学生资助决定. 此奖助金无须偿还.
Financial Aid Offer- 经济援助offer是高等教育机构发给学生的一份文件，概述了向学生提供的经济援助的金额和细节, which may include scholarships, grants, loans, employment, 或者其他形式的经济援助来支付大学费用. Sometimes schools refer to these as financial aid “awards”, although this term is outdated. 学校应该把这些作为经济援助.
Financial Need-就读某所大学的费用与学生及其家庭能够支付的费用之间的差额.
免费申请联邦学生资助 (FAFSA)-用于申请所有联邦第四章学生援助计划的表格, including Pell Grants, 斯塔福德贷款和校园项目(SEOG和勤工俭学). The FAFSA, which is collected, 由美国教育部分发和处理, 根据联邦方法收集所需信息以确定需求和资格. The application is available at www.fafsa.gov.
G
Grace Period-在学生离开学校或半工半读后的一段指定时间内，他或她不需要支付学生贷款的本金或利息. 宽限期一般为6个月，具体取决于贷款类型.
Graduated Payments-灵活的重新安排贷款付款，允许借款人支付不同金额的付款(可通过合并).
Grant-一种不需要偿还的经济援助形式. 也被称为捐赠援助和/或优秀奖学金.
Guarantee Fee-在支付之前从斯塔福德贷款的收益中扣除并支付给担保人的保险费.
Guaranty Agency-为学生贷款提供保险的国家或州机构.
H
No terms defined
I
Independent Student-为了以独立学生的身份提交经济援助申请，您必须符合以下一个或多个标准:
- 在援助年度1月1日前年满24岁
- Veteran of the U.S. Armed Forces
- 目前在美国服役.S. 用于训练以外目的的武装部队
- 研究生或研究生/专业学生
- Married prior to filing and signing the 免费申请联邦学生资助 (FAFSA)
- Orphan or ward of the court
- 有配偶以外的法定受抚养人
However, there may be family situations that warrant a dependency override for extreme circumstances, such as drug or physical abuse, neglect, abandonment, or refugee students. A Dependency Override Request may be made to the University in such cases.
院校学生信息报告- (ISIR)由教育部发送给所选学校的电子记录，作为完成免费学生经济援助申请(FAFSA)的结果. Also referred to as SAR.
Institutional Verification Form (IVF)-由大学发出的表格，以核实学生的最新应税/非应税入息及家庭人数.
J
No terms defined
K
No terms defined
L
Lender- A financial institution, such as a bank, a state agency, a savings and loan association, a credit union, 或提供FFELP和/或私人贷款的合格项目.
Loan Consolidation- An entirely new loan combining the repayment of two or more student loans, 减少每月还款额，延长贷款期限.
M
MCS-密歇根大学竞争奖学金. Need-based scholarship administered by the Michigan Higher Education Assistance Authority. 资格部分取决于ACT考试成绩.
Merit-Based Aid-根据学生的学业成绩发放的经济援助, athletic, or artistic merit, or some other criteria. 这并不取决于经济需求.
MPN-主本票- MPN本质上是为你的学术生涯中的教育费用提供信贷额度. When you sign a promissory note, you promise to repay your student loans. This note also includes important information about your rights and responsibilities as a borrower. 斯塔福德MPN有效期为10年，前提是在签约后的头12个月内至少有一笔斯塔福德贷款支付给您.
MTG- Michigan Tuition Grant. Need-based grant program for students attending private universities (such as Davenport) in Michigan.
N
Need Analysis-通过分析学生及其父母(或配偶)提供的信息，确定学生证明的经济需求的过程, (如适用)在经济资助表格上. 所有学生都需要提交FAFSA(联邦援助免费申请)来申请基于需求的联邦经济援助计划.
Need-Based Aid- Financial aid that is awarded based on a student's financial circumstances. Need-based aid can be awarded in the form of grants, loans, or work-study pay.
O
Origination Fee-联邦政府收取的费用，在贷款发放前从贷款收益中扣除. 这笔费用部分抵消了联邦家庭教育贷款计划(FFELP)的管理成本。.
P
Principal- The original amount borrowed. Origination and guaranty fees are deducted from this amount before disbursement, 利息是按本金的百分比计算的.
Promissory Note-借款人签署的法律文件. The promissory note includes the conditions under which the money is borrowed, interest rates and other terms. Borrowers should retain copies of all promissory notes until loans are fully paid.
PLUS Loans-商业机构发放的联邦贷款，旨在帮助父母支付子女的大学教育费用.
Q
No terms defined
R
Repayment Schedule-借款人每月供款的说明, interest rate, total payment obligation, 偿还贷款的到期日和期限.
S
Student Aid Index (SAI)- The SAI is the eligibility index used to determine your eligibility for federal, and in some instances, 国家和机构基于需求的学生经济援助. Generally, students with a higher SAI are eligible for less need-based financial aid. It is based upon the information provided by the student and their family on the FAFSA.
SAR- Student Aid Report - Document received by student as a result of filing the Free Application for
Federal Student Aid (FAFSA).
Selective Service Registration-年满18周岁，12月31日以后出生的男生, 1959, must be registered with Selective Service in order to receive federal student aid.
SOP/SAP-进步标准/满意的学业进步. Minimum academic standards that a student must maintain in order to continue to receive financial aid.
Subsidized Loan- The government pays the interest on the loan while the student is in school, 在六个月的宽限期内, and during any deferment periods. 补贴贷款是根据经济需要发放的，不得用于支付家庭供款.
T
TIP- Tuition Incentive Program. TIP是一项奖励计划，鼓励符合条件的密歇根学生完成高中学业，为大学前两年及以后的学习提供学费援助. Click here for more information.
U
Unsubsidized Loan- With this loan, the government does not pay the interest while the student is enrolled. 因此，学生可以选择每月支付累积利息或允许利息资本化. Required payments do not begin until 6 months after the student drops below half-time enrollment. 无补贴斯塔福德贷款不是基于经济需要，因此可用于资助家庭捐款.
V
Verification-大学检查学生在经济援助申请中报告的信息的过程. 这是通过要求学生填写机构验证表(IVF)和要求学生提交各种文件，如学生和家长纳税表来完成的.
W-Z
No terms defined
These are various government websites that are useful for financial aid planning.
Federal
Direct Loan Consolidation 提供有关合并学生贷款的信息，对已经毕业或停止上学的学生非常有用.
Direct Loan Servicing Online 是否有一个网站提供贷款偿还信息，并为学生提供有关贷款问题的其他资源.
Federal Direct Lending Program -- This site has all the information students need about federal student loans.
国家学生贷款数据系统 (NSLDS)提供了学生贷款的详细历史, 包括退出咨询和还款信息.
Students.gov 对于计划上大学的人来说，这是一个很好的资源吗. It is especially helpful for both high school students and for adults planning to return to college.
U.S. Department of Education 这是联邦教育部的主页.
Military Resources
U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs
State
Michigan Guaranty Agency 提供有关学生贷款的信息.
密歇根教育储蓄计划 (MESP) is a state program to assist parents of younger children with saving for college.
Michigan Education Trust (MET) is a state program to assist parents of younger children with saving for college
密歇根学生经济援助协会 (MSFAA) is a professional association of financial aid professionals in the State of Michigan
Paying for College - Michigan Student Financial Aid website that provides many resources for students and parents.